mythology

The paper is devoted to the socio-philosophical analysis of sex and gender with the help of the comparative historical method of genealogy in the unity of biological, social and symbolic dimensions. The origin, relevance and history of “male – female” relationships are analyzed. It reveals the complexity and multy-dimensionality of social reality including history and tradition, mythology and metaphysics. “Male” and “female” are understood as constitutive social ontological sources of the cultural picture of the world.

In the article the process of emergence and development of ancient Greek philosophy of mythology is considered. The main trends in interpretation of the phenomenon of mythology by Ancient Greek thinkers are analyzed. The study of this issue allows to understand the special features of the process of demythologization and rationalization of public consciousness, and besides it allows to establish the reasons of this process. Thus, the task of studying the development process of ancient philosophy of mythology and also the role of mythology in ancient spiritual culture are set.

Authors of this article state that any post-industrial society is divided into an elite and a mass (S. Bauman, P. Virilio). The elite is exterritorial and mobile, masses, on the contrary, are limited territorially and their movements are either tourism, or the labor migration. Culturally elites tend to interact among themselves more often than they do it with their nations. As for masses, they use, on the one hand, different objects of “other” cultures, but, on the other hand, they oppose each other at the level of mythologies.