Truth

 The article is devoted to the consideration of the issue of normativity in the concept of truth as unconcealedness (ἀλήθεια) by M. Heidegger. The question of the normativity of truth as unconcealedness (ἀλήθεια) greatly worried Heidegger's critics even during the philosopher's life. The article reveals the perspective of this criticism in the context of the “argument of law” and understanding the boundaries of conceptual normativity regarding truth.

The article is devoted to the analysis of understanding of the meaning of “rationality” of the rational activity by a modern person. According to the author, the achievement of the goal is impossible without solving the problem of studying the epistemological foundations of post-non-classical rationality which dominates the system of civilizational values, since the basis of the meaning of “rationality” always has a certain type of rationality. At the same time, the author pays special attention to such tools of cognitive activity of a person as information and knowledge.

The article deals with the problem of the role and significance of the “ladder of intellects” in Medieval Aristotelianism. The purpose of the article is to demonstrate the decisive influence of the problem of intellects on the difference in the interpretation of the heritage of Aristotle in the Middle Ages, when Aristotle was understood as a theologian and the teacher of primary causes, and in the Modern era, when Aristotle was regarded as an empiricist, metaphysician and the founder of several sciences.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the ontological meaning of the concept of «value relation» in the process of cognition. The scientific novelty of the research consists in substantiating the methodology of a holistic consideration of the problem of the role and place of the value relation in the system of bases of scientific cognition. This methodology assumes the consideration of social, historical and epistemological factors and allows us to consider the development of science in connection with the values of the dominant scientific paradigm.

Article contains a problematic view at an opportunity to establish
historical field exceptionally in a context of language interpretativeness.
Because revealing of necessary aspects of the reality seen from
prospect of history becomes possible only under condition of realization
of essentially new description of a way of reflection about the world.
That, as a matter of fact, means detection of the certain historical period
limited to language toolkit.

The article characterizes the concept of «fact» in the philosophy B. Russell and L. Wittgenstein. Analyzed the position these scientists. Identifies similarities and differences in understanding the issues the problems of fact in the philosophy of neo-positivism and the so-called first positivism. The fact becomes is not the original reality, but a conceivable limits of the logical analysis of statements. 

Lies can be seen as an attribute of life existing within social contexts. There are many types of lies determined by ethical and pragmatic criterions. Given is a short of analysis of psychological complexities of lying thought, including its structure and differences from truthful thought. References illustrate existing works related to investigating this infrequently discussed problem.

The article is an attempt to reconceive gnoseological symbol «She- Truth». She-Truth does not tempt philosophical mind, does not deprive it of Its creativity. She-Truth emancipates philosophical mind, gives it creative impetus and protects philosophers personality.

Actual problems of modern philosophy and methodology of scientific cognition are examined − the problem of cognitive relativism. Research of this problem supposes the specification of theoretical basis of the phenomenon of relativism in area of scientific knowledge.

In this article the problem of a reality of scientific knowledge, its validity and objectivity within of discussion realism/antirealism is described. In particular principal points of scientific realism are allocated and analyzed.