Philosophy

In the center of the analysis is the phenomenon of problematicity in the process of evolution of rational structures of cognition, acting as a universal demand that characterizes the cognitive process; the relationship between rational and irrational levels of mastering the world in the form of eidetic cognition. The principle of problematicity is considered in the context of solving problems of scientific activity.

Vandana Shiva is one of the leaders of modern alter-globalism, a scientist, ecologist, public figure, head of the Navdanya Foundation, which works to preserve biological and cultural diversity in India. Shiva is the author of more than a dozen works in which she expounds her criticism of globalization, which she considers unfair for India and other Third World countries.

The article is dedicated to the study of the phenomenon of overcoming as the transcendence of human existence and the shaping of the culture of overcoming. The shaping of the culture of overcoming is defined as integrated content development of mankind’s total experience in transcending and spiritualizing the reality. The author develops his own concept of metaphysics of overcoming that models an individual’s spiritual space dynamism and is used throughout history for the cultural removal of the life and death dichotomy.

The article is devoted to consideration of problems of rationality in Karl Marx’s philosophy. The analyzed list of problems of scientific rationality includes the problems of logic, methodology and axiology of social and economic researches. The research for a dialectic method of idealistic philosophy and anthropological thinking precedes the historical novelty of dialectics-materialistic methodology of Marxism. It promoted creation of the complete concept of essence of the person, socio-historical process.

The article deals with the eco-ethical aspects of human being, designed to preserve and multiply the vital phenomena of mankind in the geocosmic space-time. The dynamic development of civilization creates not only opportunities for preserving human life, but also creates new threats, including environmental problems that have the greatest impact on important aspects of human existence: health, values, needs.

The issues of the ability to manipulate social consciousness are extremely relevant and are in the field of interdisciplinary discussions. Different subjects, structures, organizations, institutes, able to manipulate social relations depending on the goals set are singled out. The actively discussed activity of expert communities as an institution partly responsible for the formation of social consciousness is due to a number of reasons. One of the main concerns is the association of the communities with the political forces and their partial dependence on them.

The study of social networks, interactions, and relationships has a long history in academia. That social networks play a central role in religious life of recent society is well accepted by most social scientists. For instance, they are crucial for the recruitment and affiliation of members, the diffusion of religious ideas and practices, motivating people of faith to volunteer and become politically activity. Still, however, much work remains at the level of defining the phenomenon of online religion.

The problem of extraordinary complexity of the universe which is stated on all its floors – from cosmology to biology is analyzed. This problem is a subject of polemic dialogue between science and theology, between creationism and an evolutionism. The arguments of supporters of “the God’s plan” appeal to the fact that such a difficult balance of the universe couldn’t arise without a preliminary reasonable plan. Research of this problem reveals the following paradox. Such a complicated balance couldn’t be result of a blind case.

The synergetic, co-evolutionary interaction of globalization processes, the transition to sustainable development and the formation of solidary relations is analyzed. The content of each of these concepts is revealed, their author’s definition is proposed, their prerequisites, regularities, factors, elements and mechanisms are revealed.

Is it possible to be surprised that cognitive interest in the problem of space, both theoretical and practical, remains stable and even steadily grows along with changes of the ways and character of spatial relations and connections in the society. And is it not natural that this mostly contradictory process depends not only on variability of social and spatial coupling, but also on the point of view of the investigators’ interest. All this opens up new ways of understanding the spatial aspect of social existence in urban conditions.