Philosophy

The article is devoted to the consideration of the determining role of virtual reality in contemporary society. The author is positive about virtual processes that can become a tool for the development of a social system. The trend of virtualization of classical social institutions is being asserted. The author examines the history of the concept of “virtual reality”: from medieval approaches to Russian virtual studies. Virtual reality is recognized as a multi-layered formation, whose interpretation is not limited only to digital virtual reality.

The article deals with the problem of the religious nature of the existential philosophy of N. A. Berdyaev and L. I. Shestov. A comparative analysis of their concepts in relation to the Christian interpretation of freedom has been carried out. It is shown that the concept of freedom can be expressed not only by its own semantic meaning (semantics), but also be reflected in the intuitive experience of existential cognition. Thus, the substantial freedom in the personal perception of N. Berdyaev and L. Shestov is opposed to the essence of the material-rationalistic understanding.

In the article presented, it is established that the basis for a digital society is the digital environment. The study of technologies outside the context of anthropological and social experience is insufficient, therefore, for the consideration of a digital society, the hybridization of Software studies and digital humanities is a productive one. It is established that the digital society is not only the result of technological progress, but also the result of the changing experience of mankind.

The article analyzes the interaction of creativity and tradition in times of crisis situations in culture. The author took as a basis the crisis situation in culture during the twentieth century in connection with the development of a new artistic trend of modernity, which tried to destroy the canonical foundations in art. The crisis in the culture of the twentieth century was considered on the basis of the analysis of the concepts of O. Spengler, H. Ortega-i-Gasset, V. Weidle, P. Sorokin, and J. Huizinga.

The article is devoted to the social ontological analysis of culture in its anthropological reflection. The problem field of the ontology of culture initially involves the process of anthropogenesis. We are talking about the consideration of the origin of human society and culture with the help of the comparative-historical method of genealogy, aimed at identifying the origins and beginnings of human existence. The specificity of the philosophical method of Friedrich Nietzsche’s genealogy is considered.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the ontological status of the atmosphere, conditions and qualities that contribute to the formation of atmospheric effects. The semantic line of the text is a spatial dimension of the atmosphere, which is connected, first of all, with the unique spaces of art, set by the sensual modalities of being as presence and event. It is important to emphasize that the basic layer of these experiences marks the richness of life contact with the world. Mood as a condition of entrance to the event is the condition of the atmosphere at the same time.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the artistic-figurative objectification of the idea of the Overman in M. Gorky‘s literary works. The study addresses the problem of Gorky’s Nietzscheanism, his receptive dialogue with F. Nietzsche’s philosophy and the semantic development of the Übermensch concept. The aim of the work is to identify the forms of artistic embodiment of the Overman idea and the peculiarities of its semantic interpretation in typical characters of Gorky’s early works.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the problem of philosophical thinking for the modern worldview of man. The reasoning is based on the consideration of philosophy as a form of spiritual culture along with science, art and religion. The article deals with the problem of the relevance of philosophical knowledge for the present. The aim is to determine the role and place of philosophy in the system of interaction between the individual and society.

The article discusses the main studies of the mass/crowd social action in the digital space. The author compares classical social and philosophical mass analysis of society (XX century) and innovations by theorists of a digital society (XXI century). The author’s aim is to substantiate the new concept of mass in the digital society. The author analyzes the socio-philosophical concepts of the masses in the Internet space. The practice of mass social networking is widespread on the Internet. Their distinctive feature is a rational basis.

Traditionally, for many centuries, the dialogue between the Church and the state was characterized by a significant influence of the Church on all major spheres of social life in most countries of the Christian world. Revealing the theocratic foundations of the institutionalization of the value dialogue of the church and state in modern societies, the author focuses on clarifying the causes of the spiritual and moral crisis of Western civilization.